ti

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ti"

Languages (84)

Translingual • English

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Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Tigrinya.

Symbol

ti

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Tigrinya.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Tigrinya terms

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iː
• Homophones: T, te, tea, tee

Etymology 1

Coined by English music educator Sarah Anna Glover in 1812 as an alteration of si for her solmization, made so that every note of solfège would begin with a different letter, from Middle English si (“seventh degree or note of Guido of Arezzo's hexachordal scales”), Italian si in the solmization of Guido of Arezzo, from the initials of Latin Sāncte Iohannēs (“Saint John (the Baptist)”) in the lyrics of the scale-ascending hymn Ut queant laxis by Paulus Deacon.

Noun

ti (plural tis)

1. (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale.

Synonyms

• (music): si

Translations

seventh note of a major scale — see si

Etymology 2

From a Polynesian language, related to Hawaiian kī.

Alternative forms

• ki

Noun

ti (plural tis)

1. A good luck plant (Cordyline fruticosa), an evergreen shrub.

See also

• ti bon ange
• ti ko pek
• ti lok
• ti-tree

Anagrams

• 'it, It., IT, it, It⁺⁶, It

Abinomn

Noun

ti

1. taro

Albanian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Albanian *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂; modern accusative ty is from Proto-Albanian Proto-Albanian *twā from emphatic *tu̯ḗm, clitic të is from clitic *te, and ablative teje is from locative *toí + -je from meje (see unë).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ti]

Pronoun

ti (accusative ty, dative ty, ablative teje)

1. you (singular)

Declension

Forms of ti (2nd person singular)

nominative	ti
ablative	teje
	full form	clitic
accusative	ty	të
dative	ty	të
	possessive adjective	possessive pronoun
	yt	yti

See also

Albanian personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		unë	ne
2nd person		ti	ju
3rd person	m	ai	ata
	f	ajo	ato

Aromanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tē, accusative of tū. Compare Romanian te.

Pronoun

ti (unstressed accusative and reflexive form of tu)

1. (direct object) you

Related terms

• tini
• tu

Asturian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/ [ˈt̪i]

Interjection

ti

1. interjection used to call goats

Bahnar

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bahnaric *tiː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *t₁iiʔ. Cognate with Pacoh ati, Khmer ដៃ (day), Bolyu ti⁵⁵, Riang [Lang] tiʔ¹.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː/

Noun

ti

1. hand

Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton ty, from Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *tegos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.

Noun

ti m (plural tiez or tier)

1. house

Byangsi

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• Yasuhiko Nagano, Randy J. LaPolla, New Research on Zhangzhung and Related Himalayan Languages (2001)
• Tibeto-Himalayan Languages of Uttarkhand (1989), section Chaudangsi-Byangsi, page 161:

Chaudangsi

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• Tibeto-Himalayan Languages of Uttarkhand (1989), section Chaudangsi-Byangsi, page 161:

Choctaw

Etymology

Borrowed from English tea.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː(ʔ)/
• Transcription: tii'

Noun

tī (alienable)

1. tea

Chuukese

Etymology

Borrowed from English tea.

Noun

ti

1. tea

Corsican

Etymology

Inherited from Latin te. Cognates include Italian te, ti and French te.

Pronoun

ti

1. thee, you (singular; both direct and indirect object)

See also

Corsican personal pronouns

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
singular	1st person		eiu	mi		mè
	2nd person		tù	ti		tè
	3rd person	m	ellu	li	u, l'	ellu
		f	ella		a, l'	ella
plural	1st person		noi	ci		noi
	2nd person		voi	vi		voi
	3rd person	m	elli	li	i, l'	elli
		f	elle		e, l'	elle

References

• https://infcor.adecec.net/

Czech

Etymology

Inflected form of ten or ty.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈcɪ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Pronoun

ti

1. they, those

   Kde jsou Pavel s Ivanou? Ti přijdou později. ― Where are Pavel and Ivana? Those two will come later.

2. to you

   Dávám ti to na opravu. ― I give it to you to repair.

Synonyms

• oni
• tobě

Related terms

• tito
• ty

Danish

Danish numbers ^(edit)

		100
[a], [b] ←  1	←  9	10	11  →	20  →
		1[a], [b]
Cardinal: ti     Ordinal: tiende
Danish Wikipedia article on 10

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiːˀ/, [ˈtˢiˀ]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse tíu, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, cognate with Norwegian ti, Swedish tio, English ten, German zehn. The word goes back to Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”), which is also the source of Latin decem, Ancient Greek δέκα (déka).

Numeral

ti

1. ten

Derived terms

• selvtiende
• tiende
• tital
• titusinder
• tiøre
• tiår, tiårig, tiårs

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ti

1. imperative of tie

Darmiya

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• A Descriptive Grammar of Darma: An Endangered Tibeto-Burman Language (2007)

Dogrib

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

ti

1. water
2. liquid
3. lake

References

• Tłįįchǫ yati Enįhtł'è (1996; published by the Dogrib Divisional Board of Education, Dogrib Language Centre)
• Thomas Sebeok, Native Languages of the Americas, volume 1, page 292: [Howren] notes u > i in Dogrib (ti 'water', Hare-Bearlake tu; this shift occurs also in Ingalik and Tanaina in Alaska)

Fala

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ti, from Latin tibi.

Pronoun

ti

1. Second person singular prepositional pronoun; you

See also

Fala personal pronouns

			nominative	dative	accusative	disjunctive
singular	first person		ei	me, -mi		mi
	second person		tú	te, -ti		ti
	third person	m	el	le, -li	uLV, oM	el
		f	ela		a	ela
plural	first person	common	nos	musL nusLV nos, -nusM		nos
		m	noshotrusM			noshotrusM
		f	noshotrasM			noshotrasM
	second person	common	vos	vusLV vos, -vusM		vos
		m	voshotrusM			voshotrusM
		f	voshotrasM			voshotrasM
	third person	m	elis	le, -li	usLV, osM	elis
		f	elas		as	elas
third person reflexive			—	se, -si		sí

Dialects:  ^L Lagarteiru   ^M Mañegu   ^V Valverdeñu

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 268

Fijian

Noun

ti

1. tea

Finnish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

As tiistai.

Noun

ti

1. abbreviation of tiistai (“Tuesday”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English dit.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/, [ˈt̪i]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification^(key): ti
• Hyphenation^(key): ti

Noun

ti

1. dit (spoken representation of a dot in radio and telegraph Morse code)

Declension

• not inflected

Synonyms

• piste

Derived terms

• titata
• titaus
• titari

See also

• taa (dah)

French

Etymology

From est-il (literally “is it?”). Compare Canadian French tu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

Particle

ti

1. (dated, colloquial) question marker

Friulian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tē, accusative singular of tū. As an indirect object, in part from Latin tibi, dative singular of tū, through a Vulgar Latin *ti.

Pronoun

ti (second person direct object, indirect object)

1. (direct object) you
2. (indirect object) to you
3. (reflexive pronoun) yourself

Related terms

• tu

Galician

Alternative forms

• tu

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese tu, ti; from Latin tū. The accusative is from Latin tē; one dative form, used after a preposition, from tibi; the other dative form, from metanalysis of the contractions of te + article.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/ [ˈt̪i]
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: ti

Pronoun

ti (after a preposition ti, accusative te, dative che)

1. you (singular)

   Synonyms: vós, vostede, Vde.

See also

Galician personal pronouns

number	person		nominative (subject)	accusative (direct object)	dative (indirect object)	prepositional	prepositional with con	non-declining
singular	first		eu	me		min	comigo	—
	second		ti	te	che	ti	contigo	vostede
	third	m	el	o (lo, no)	lle	el	con el	—
		f	ela	a (la, na)		ela	con ela	—
plural	first		nós nosoutros m nosoutras f	nos		nós	connosco	—
	second		vós vosoutros m vosoutrasf	vos		vós	convosco	vostedes
	third	m	eles	os (los, nos)	lles	eles	con eles	—
		f	elas	as (las, nas)		elas	con elas	—
reflexive third / indefinite			—	se		si	consigo	—

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “ti”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ti”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ti”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ti”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Derived from French petit (“little”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Adjective

ti

1. little

Hanunoo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/ [ˈti]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ti

Article

ti (Hanunoo spelling ᜦᜲ)

1. the one; that which

   mayad ti tawo ― the person is good

   Sintay ti mayad?

   Who is the one who is good?

   ti mga daot ― the (things which are) bad

See also

• si

Further reading

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953), Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 273

Hausa

Etymology

Borrowed from English tea.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tîː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [tîː]

Noun

tî m (possessed form tîn)

1. tea

   Synonym: shayi

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈti]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ti

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Uralic *te. Compare Finnish te.

Pronoun

ti

1. (personal) you guys, y'all, you all, you (second-person plural, nominative, informal form)

Declension

Declension of ti

nominative	ti
accusative	titeket
dative	nektek
instrumental	veletek
causal-final	értetek
inessive	bennetek
superessive	rajtatok
adessive	nálatok
illative	belétek
sublative	rátok
allative	hozzátok
elative	belőletek
delative	rólatok
ablative	tőletek

Coordinate terms

Hungarian personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		én	mi
2nd person	familiar	te	ti
	polite, unfamiliar	maga	maguk
	formal	ön	önök
3rd person		ő	ők

Derived terms

Note: In all these forms, ti is optional and only serves for emphasis.

• tialattatok, tiáltalatok, tielőttetek etc. (ti + a postposition with the second-person plural personal suffix; see Appendix:Hungarian postpositions)
• tinektek, tiveletek, tihozzátok etc. (ti + one of the declined forms listed in the chart above; see Appendix:Hungarian pronouns)

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

solmisation

ti (plural tik)

2. si, a syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale

   Coordinate terms: dó, ré, mi, fá, szó, lá

3. dot (the short mark, one of the two symbols used in Morse code)

Declension

Its inflected forms are uncommon.

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	ti	tik
accusative	tit	tiket
dative	tinek	tiknek
instrumental	tivel	tikkel
causal-final	tiért	tikért
translative	tivé	tikké
terminative	tiig	tikig
essive-formal	tiként	tikként
essive-modal	tiül	—
inessive	tiben	tikben
superessive	tin	tiken
adessive	tinél	tiknél
illative	tibe	tikbe
sublative	tire	tikre
allative	tihez	tikhez
elative	tiből	tikből
delative	tiről	tikről
ablative	titől	tiktől
non-attributive possessive – singular	tié	tiké
non-attributive possessive – plural	tiéi	tikéi

Possessive forms of ti

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	tim	tijeim (or tiim)
2nd person sing.	tid	tijeid (or tiid)
3rd person sing.	tije	tijei (or tii)
1st person plural	tink	tijeink (or tiink)
2nd person plural	titek	tijeitek (or tiitek)
3rd person plural	tijük	tijeik (or tiik)

or (to reinforce the distinction from the inflection of the personal pronoun)

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	ti	ti-k
accusative	ti-t	ti-ket
dative	ti-nek	ti-knek
instrumental	ti-vel	ti-kkel
causal-final	ti-ért	ti-kért
translative	ti-vé	ti-kké
terminative	ti-ig	ti-kig
essive-formal	ti-ként	ti-kként
essive-modal	ti-ül	—
inessive	ti-ben	ti-kben
superessive	ti-n	ti-ken
adessive	ti-nél	ti-knél
illative	ti-be	ti-kbe
sublative	ti-re	ti-kre
allative	ti-hez	ti-khez
elative	ti-ből	ti-kből
delative	ti-ről	ti-kről
ablative	ti-től	ti-ktől
non-attributive possessive – singular	ti-é	ti-ké
non-attributive possessive – plural	ti-éi	ti-kéi

Possessive forms of ti

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	ti-m	ti-jeim (or ti-im)
2nd person sing.	ti-d	ti-jeid (or ti-id)
3rd person sing.	ti-je	ti-jei (or ti-i)
1st person plural	ti-nk	ti-jeink (or ti-ink)
2nd person plural	ti-tek	ti-jeitek (or ti-itek)
3rd person plural	ti-jük	ti-jeik (or ti-ik)

Further reading

• (Hungarian) An article on solfège with hand signs

Further reading

• (you guys): ti in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• (ti [solfège sign]): ti in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiʔ/

Conjunction

ti

1. which ((relative) who, whom, what)

Ido

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Pronoun

ti

1. alternative form of iti (“those people, those things”)

   Ti esas plu forta, ma ci plu bela. ― Those guys are stronger, but these guys are prettier.

   Yes, ma me kredas ke ti esas plu bona. ― Yes, but I think that those (things) are better.

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from English ti, from alteration of si, made so that every note of solfège would begin with a different letter.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈti/ [ˈt̪i]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ti

Noun

ti

1. (music) ti (a syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale)

   Synonym: si

Isoko

Alternative forms

• tị

Verb

ti

1. (auxiliary) used to express the future tense, will

   Mẹ ti nya.

   I will go.

Istriot

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tū.

Pronoun

ti

1. you (second-person singular personal pronoun)
   • 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 29:

     Ti son la manduleîna inzucherada.

     You are the sugared almond.

Italian

Etymology 1

Derived from Latin tē (the name of the letter T).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): ^**/ˈti/^*
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: tì

Noun

ti f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.; tee

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lettera; a, bi, ci, di, e, effe, gi, acca, i, gei / i lunga, cappa, elle, emme, enne, o, pi, cu, erre, esse, ti, u, vu / vi, doppia vu, ics, ipsilon / i greca, zeta

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin tē (accusative of tū), from Proto-Indo-European *twé, *te, accusative of *túh₂ (“you”). As a dative, in part from Latin tibi, dative of tū, through a Vulgar Latin *ti.

Alternative forms

• -ti (enclitic)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/^°
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: ti

Pronoun

ti

1. accusative/dative of tu; you
2. second-person singular of si; you

Usage notes

• Becomes te when followed by a third person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).

See also

Italian personal pronouns

Number	Person	Gender	Nominative	Reflexive	Accusative	Dative	Combined	Disjunctive	Locative	Partitive
Singular	first	—	io	mi, m', -mi			me	me	—
	second	—	tu	ti, t', -ti			te	te
	third	m	lui	si2, s', -si	lo, l', -lo	gli, -gli	glie, se2	lui, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f	lei, Lei1		la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1	le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1		lei, Lei1, sé
Plural	first	—	noi	ci, c', -ci			ce	noi	—
	second	—	voi, Voi4	vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4			ve	voi, Voi4
	third	m	loro, Loro1	si, s', -si	li, Li1, -li, -Li1	gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1	glie, se	loro, Loro1, sé	ci, c', vi, v' (formal)	ne, n'
		f			le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1	Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3	Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/^°, (traditional) /ˈti/^*
• Rhymes: -i
• Hyphenation: tì

Noun

ti m (invariable)

1. (music) ti (note)
2. (music) B (note and scale)

Further reading

• Italian grammar: Pronouns on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Ti (nota) on the Italian Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^it

Japanese

Romanization

ti

1. The katakana syllable ティ (ti) in Hepburn-like romanization.

Kikuyu

Particle

ti

1. (negation) not

   Gũtema na kanua ti gũtema na rũhiũ

   Cutting with a mouth is not cutting with a knife.

See also

• aca

Kongo

Noun

ti

1. tea

Ladin

Etymology

te +‎ i

Contraction

ti

1. in the (masculine plural)

Ladino

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish ti (“thee”), from Latin tibi, dative of tu.

Pronoun

ti (Hebrew spelling טי)

1. prepositional of tu
   • 1910, Reuben Eliyahu Israel, Traducsion libera de las poezias ebraicas de Roş Aşana i Kipur‎^[2], Craiova: Institutul Grafic, I. Samitca şi D. Baraş, Socieatate in Comandita, →OCLC, page 10:

     Delantre de ti io mi orgolio abato
     I mi corason lo razgo con kevranto¹)

     I suppress my pride before you, and my heart tears it with despair.

Lai

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• English to Hakha-Chin Online Dictionary
• English to Chin (Hakha) Dictionary

Laz

Noun

ti

1. Latin spelling of თი (ti)

Ligurian

Etymology

Derived from Latin tē, accusative of tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū (accusative *tē), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂, (accusative *twé ~ *te).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Pronoun

ti

1. you (singular)

See also

• mi
• lê
• noî, niâtri
• voî, viâtri
• lô, liâtri

Lingala

Etymology

Borrowed from Kongo ti.

Noun

ti

1. tea

Lote

Noun

ti

1. tea

References

• Greg Pearson, René van den Berg, Lote grammar sketch (2008)

Mandarin

Romanization

ti

1. nonstandard spelling of tī
2. nonstandard spelling of tí
3. nonstandard spelling of tǐ
4. nonstandard spelling of tì

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mara Chin

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• Fred W. Savidge, A grammar and dictionary of the Lakher language (1908)
• marasaw.com wordlist

Marshallese

Etymology

Borrowed from English tea, from Dutch thee, from Hokkien 茶 (tê) (Amoy dialect), from Old Chinese, ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf, tea”). Doublet of wōja and oja.

Pronunciation

• (phonetics) IPA^(key): [tˠi]
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /tˠij/
• Bender phonemes: {tiy}

Noun

ti

1. tea

Synonyms

• oja
• wōja

Verb

ti

1. to pour in tea

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

Derived from French été (“been”). Compare Haitian Creole te.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡si/, /t͡ɕi/

Verb

ti (medial form ti)

1. (auxiliary) Used to indicate past tense.

Related terms

• ti ape
• ti finn
• ti pou

Middle English

Determiner

ti

1. (chiefly Northern) alternative form of þi (“thy”)

Mizo

Verb

ti (stem II tih)

1. to do
2. to say
3. to think, believe

Usage notes

Ti is the usual verb to mark quotations in Mizo.

Muong

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Vietic *diː ~ tiː (“to go, to walk”). Cognate with Vietnamese đi.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti¹/

Verb

ti

1. (Mường Bi) to go; to walk

   Da ti no đỉ?

   Where are you going?

References

• Nguyễn Văn Khang; Bùi Chỉ; Hoàng Văn Hành (2002), Từ điển Mường - Việt (Muong - Vietnamese dictionary)‎^[3], Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Văn hoá Dân tộc Hà Nội.

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

Compare dialectal variations tu, çu, çi, from çi (“what”). Compare Central Kurdish هەچ (heç, “any”), an abbreviation of هەرچی (herçî, “whatever”). Loaned into Zazaki as çi.

Adverb

Central Kurdish	هەچ (heç)

ti

1. any, at all

   tikes

   anyone

   Min titišt ne kirî e

   I haven't done anything

   Kes li wir ti ne bû.

   Noone was there. (lit. "One wasn't there at all.")

Usage notes

• The original /č/ pronunciation becomes more prevalent in Southern dialects. Most dialects pronounce with an /u/.
• Dialects under Turkish influence may take it as meaning "not any" in reference to Turkish hiç and yok, but the original sense is "any".
• The noun may or may not take -ek (“a, an”) when ti is used.

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Bokmål cardinal numbers

<  9	10	11  >
Cardinal : ti     Ordinal : tiende

Etymology

Inherited from Old Norse tíu, from Proto-Germanic *tehun (“ten”), from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”). Cognate with Icelandic tíu, Faroese tíggju, Swedish tio, Danish ti and English ten.

Pronunciation

• Homophone: tee

Numeral

ti

1. ten

Derived terms

• tidel
• tikamp
• titusen
• titusenvis
• tiår
• årti

Related terms

• tiende

References

• “ti” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk cardinal numbers

<  9	10	11  >
Cardinal : ti     Ordinal : tiande

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː/
• Rhymes: -iː
• Homophones: tee, tid

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Norse tíu, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥ (“ten”).

Germanic cognates include Norwegian Bokmål and Danish ti, Swedish tio, Icelandic tíu, Faroese tíggju, German zehn, Dutch tien, Saterland Frisian tjoon, English ten, and Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽 (taihun). Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek δέκα (déka), Irish deich, Latin decem, Lithuanian dešimt, Persian ده, Russian десять (desjatʹ), and Sanskrit दश (daśa).

Numeral

ti

2. ten

Derived terms

• ti på topp
• tiar
• tidel
• tidels
• tidelt
• tidobbel
• tidoble
• tifald
• tifaldig
• tifotkreps
• tigong
• tikamp
• tikjempar
• tikroning
• titusen
• tiår

Related terms

• tiande
• tiend f

Etymology 2

Alteration of si, so that every note of the solfège would begin with a different letter.

Alternative forms

• si

Noun

ti m (definite singular ti-en, indefinite plural ti-ar, definite plural ti-ane)

2. (music) ti, a syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale.

Coordinate terms

• (scale of solfège): do, re, mi, fa, so (or sol), la, ti (or si), do

Etymology 3

From uti, similarly to tu (“out of”) and tå (“of”). Compare also Dalecarlian Swedish ti (“in”).

Preposition

ti

1. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) alternative form of uti

   Itj glømm å rødd ette dæ! Itj lægg att nåkkå søppel ti skauen

   Don’t forget to clean up after you! Don’t leave any rubbish in the forest

2. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Eastern Norway) alternative form of i

   Dæ æ en vanskele tærræng å fårrå ti

   It is a difficult terrain for travelling in (it)

   E blaidd litt ti boka hass hær om dan å fann mytty rart dær

   I browsed some (pages) in his book the other day, and found a lot of strange (stuff) there

References

• “ti” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• it, IT, Ti

Old French

Pronoun

ti pl

1. your (second-person singular possessive pronoun)

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tibi, dative of tu.

Pronoun

ti

1. prepositional of tu
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 295 (facsimile):

     a ti ſeñor que es luz / beijarei pees ⁊ mãos ca ta uertude maduz / ſempre ſaude me g(ua)rda dos que me q̇rẽ nozir.

     My Lady, full of light, I shall kiss your feet and hands, because your virtue always brings me health and protects me from those who want to harm me.

2. alternative form of te

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “ti”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Old High German

Preposition

ti

1. alternative form of zi

Old Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tibi, dative of tu.

Pronoun

ti

1. prepositional of tu
   • c. 1200, Almerich, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 20v:

     Dixo nr̃o ſẽnor amoyſen ſub aq̃ tu e el pueblo que ſaq̃ſt de egipto ala tierra q̃ iure aabraã á yſaac a iacob ẽ dix ato liñaie la dare trametre mio angel delante ti e detroyra tos eñemigos […]

     [Then] Our Lord said to Moses, “Go up from here, you and the people whom you brought out of Egypt, to the land I swore to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob when I said ‘I will give it to your descendants.’ I will send my angel before you and he will destroy your enemies. […] ”

References

• Ralph Steele Boggs et al. (1946), “ti”, in Tentative Dictionary of Medieval Spanish, volume II, Chapel Hill, page 495

Pali

Pali cardinal numbers

<  2	3	4  >
Cardinal : ti     Ordinal : tatiya

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀢𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ति (Devanagari script)
• তি (Bengali script)
• ති (Sinhalese script)
• တိ (Burmese script)
• ติ (Thai script)
• ᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ຕິ (Lao script)
• តិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit त्रि (tri).

Numeral

ti

1. three

Declension

Declension table of "ti" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Plural
Nominative (first)	tayo
Accusative (second)	tayo
Instrumental (third)	tīhi
Dative (fourth)	tiṇṇaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	tīhi
Genitive (sixth)	tiṇṇaṃ
Locative (seventh)	tīsu

Declension table of "ti" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Plural
Nominative (first)	tisso
Accusative (second)	tisso
Instrumental (third)	tīhi
Dative (fourth)	tissannaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	tīhi
Genitive (sixth)	tissannaṃ
Locative (seventh)	tīsu

Declension table of "ti" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Plural
Nominative (first)	tīṇi
Accusative (second)	tīṇi
Instrumental (third)	tīhi
Dative (fourth)	tiṇṇaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	tīhi
Genitive (sixth)	tiṇṇaṃ
Locative (seventh)	tīsu

Particle

ti

1. elided form of iti

References

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “ti”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Pattani

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• 1972, Paul Benedict, Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus, p. 26 (as Manchati)

Piedmontese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Pronoun

ti

1. thee, you

Pirahã

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from Nheengatu se.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃɪ̀/

Pronoun

ti

1. I (first-person subject pronoun)
2. me (first-person object pronoun)

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ti, from Latin tibi, from Proto-Indo-European *tébʰye, dative of *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃi/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈti/

• (Northeast Brazil) IPA^(key): /ti/
• Rhymes: -i

Pronoun

ti

1. prepositional of tu

   Dá-los-ei a ti.

   I will give them to you.

Usage notes

In everyday parlance, this pronoun is often replaced by tu in many Brazilian dialects that use "tu".

See also

Portuguese personal pronouns

number	person		nominative (subject)	accusative (direct object)	dative (indirect object)	prepositional	prepositional with com	non-declining
singular	first		eu	me		mim	comigo	—
	second		tu	te		ti	contigo	você o senhor m a senhora f
	third	m	ele	o (lo, no)	lhe	ele	com ele	o mesmo
		f	ela	a (la, na)		ela	com ela	a mesma
plural	first		nós	nos		nós	connosco (Portugal) conosco (Brazil)	a gente
	second		vós	vos		vós	convosco com vós	vocês os senhores m as senhoras f
	third	m	eles	os (los, nos)	lhes	eles	com eles	os mesmos
		f	elas	as (las, nas)		elas	com elas	as mesmas
reflexive third / indefinite			—	se		si	consigo	o mesmo etc. (reflexive)

Etymology 2

Adjective

ti (invariable)

1. (lexicography) initialism of transitivo indireto

Romansch

Etymology

Inherited from Latin tū.

Pronoun

ti

1. you (singular familiar)

Sassarese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Etymology 1

Derived from Latin tē (the name of the letter T).

Noun

ti f (invariable)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.; tee

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin tē (accusative of tū), from Proto-Indo-European *twé, *te, accusative of *túh₂ (“you”). As a dative, in part from Latin tibi, dative of tū, through a Vulgar Latin *ti.

Alternative forms

• t' (apocopic)
• -ti, -tti (enclitic)

Pronoun

ti

1. (reflexive pronoun) yourself

   Cumenti ti ciami? ― What's your name? (literally, “How do you call yourself?”)

2. dative of tu: to you

   Abà ti lu diggu ― Now I'll tell you. (literally, “Now I tell it to you”)

References

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006), Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Scots

Particle

ti

1. (Southern Scots) to

Preposition

ti

1. (Southern Scots) to

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *tūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tîː/

• Audio (Central Serbia):

  (file)

Pronoun

tȋ ? (Cyrillic spelling ти̑)

1. (in the singular) you

Declension

Declension of ti

	singular	plural
nominative	tȋ	vȋ
genitive	tȅbe, te	vȃs
dative	tȅbi, ti	vȁma, vam
accusative	tȅbe, te	vȃs
vocative	tî	vȋ
locative	tȅbi	vȁma
instrumental	tȍbōm	vȁma

See also

Serbo-Croatian personal pronouns

		singular	plural
1st person		ja	mi
2nd person	familiar	ti	vi
	polite	Vi
3rd person	m	on	oni
	f	ona	one
	n	ono	ona

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

ti

1. to you (clitic dative singular of tȋ (“you”))
2. you (vocative singular of tȋ (“you”))
3. (emphatic, possessive, dative) your, of yours (clitic dative singular of tȋ (“I”))

   Želiš još?! Gdje ti je granica?! ― You want more?! Where's your limit?!

   Gdje ti je auto? ― Where is your car?

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronoun

tȋ

1. masculine nominative plural of taj; those

   Tko su ti ljudi? ― Who are those people?

Etymology 4

Adverb

ti (Cyrillic spelling ти)

1. (emphatic, informal) Used to reinforce a statement that is thought to be of interest to the listener, usually referring to oneself or third parties.

   Ja ti radim i vikendom. ― I work on the weekends as well.

   On ti se odselio još davno. ― He moved away a long time ago.

Slovak

Alternative forms

• tebe

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ti.

Pronoun

ti

1. dative of ty

Slovene

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ty, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tíː/

Pronoun

tȋ

1. you (singular); thou
2. (impersonal) one

Declension

Second masculine/first feminine/second neuter declension (a-stem), mixed accent, suppletive, highly irregular Stressed ("naglasne") forms
nominative imenovȃlnik	tȋ	vȋdva m; vȋdve, vẹ̑dve f or n	vȋ m; vẹ̑ f or n
genitive rodȋlnik	tébe	vȃju, vȁs	vȁs
dative dajȃlnik	tébi	vȃma	vȁm
accusative tožȋlnik	tébe	vȃju	vȁs
locative mẹ̑stnik	tébi	nȃju, nȁs	nȁs
instrumental orọ̑dnik	tȃbo, tebọ́j	vȃma	vȃmi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	tȋ	vȋdva m; vȋdve, vẹ̑dve f or n	vȋ m; vẹ̑ f or n

Unstressed ("naslonske") forms
	singular	dual	plural
genitive rodȋlnik	te	vaju, vas	vas
dative dajȃlnik	ti	vama	vam
accusative tožȋlnik	ve	vaju	vas

Binding ("navezne / predložne") accusative forms
	singular	dual	plural
unstressed	-te	–	–
stressed	tẹ̑	–	–

Noun

tȋ m animacy unspecified

1. (only used in set phrases) use of familiar personal pronouns instead of polite ones

   S svojo šefico sva prešli na ti. ― My boss and I have started to use familiar personal pronouns.

Declension

Third masculine declension (no endings) (singularia tantum)
nom. sing.	tȋ
gen. sing.	tȋ
	singular
nominative imenovȃlnik	tȋ
genitive rodȋlnik	tȋ
dative dajȃlnik	tȋ
accusative tožȋlnik	tȋ
locative mẹ̑stnik	tȋ
instrumental orọ̑dnik	tȋ
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	tȋ

Derived terms

• biti na ti
• preiti na ti
• priti na ti
• tīkati

Etymology 2

see tȃ

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /tíː/

Determiner

ti

1. nominative dual feminine/neuter of tȃ
2. accusative dual feminine/neuter of tȃ
3. nominative plural masculine of tȃ

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /tí/

Determiner

ti

1. (stylistical) dative singular feminine of tȃ
2. (stylistical) locative singular feminine of tȃ

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English ti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tíː/

Noun

tȋ m inan

1. (music) ti, si

   Synonym: sȋ

Usage notes

Name ti is not officially recognized as a synonym of si.^{[→SSKJ, SP]}

Declension

Third masculine declension (no endings)
nom. sing.	tȋ
gen. sing.	tȋ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
genitive rodȋlnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
dative dajȃlnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
accusative tožȋlnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
locative mẹ̑stnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
instrumental orọ̑dnik	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	tȋ	tȋ	tȋ

First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix
nom. sing.	tȋ
gen. sing.	tȋja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	tȋ	tȋja	tȋji
genitive rodȋlnik	tȋja	tȋjev	tȋjev
dative dajȃlnik	tȋju, tȋji	tȋjema	tȋjem
accusative tožȋlnik	tȋ	tȋja	tȋje
locative mẹ̑stnik	tȋju, tȋji	tȋjih	tȋjih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	tȋjem	tȋjema	tȋji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	tȋ	tȋja	tȋji

• dialectal

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix
nom. sing.	tȋ
gen. sing.	tȋja
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	tȋ	tȋja	tȋji
genitive rodȋlnik	tȋja	tȋjev	tȋjev
dative dajȃlnik	tȋju, tȋji	tȋjoma	tȋjom
accusative tožȋlnik	tȋ	tȋja	tȋje
locative mẹ̑stnik	tȋju, tȋji	tȋjih	tȋjih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	tȋjom	tȋjoma	tȋji
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	tȋ	tȋja	tȋji

See also

Slovene personal pronouns

			singular	dual	plural
1st person		m	jaz	midva	mi
		f or n		medve, midve	me
2nd person familiar (tikanje)		m	ti	vidva	vi
		f or n		vedve, vidve	ve
3rd person		m	on	onadva	oni
		f	ona	onedve, onidve	one
		n	ono	onedve, onidve	ona
Polite forms			singular (not differentiated in dual and plural)
polite (vikanje)			vi, Vi + 2nd person plural masculine
very polite (onikanje)			oni + 3rd person plural masculine (archaic)
hyper polite (onokanje)			ono + 3rd person singular neuter (obsolete)
patriarchal (onkanje)			on + 3rd person singular masculine (obsolete)

Further reading

• “ti”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “ti”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

South Slavey

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tʰì(ʔ)]
• Hyphenation: ti

Noun

ti (stem -ti-)

1. Jean Marie River form of tu

Inflection

Possessive inflection of ti (-tié)

		singular	plural
1st person		setié	naxetié
2nd person		netié
3rd person	1)	—	gitié
	2)	metié	gotié
4th person		yetié
reflexive	sp.	ɂedetié	kedetié
	unsp.	detié
reciprocal		—	ɂełetié
indefinite		ɂetié
areal		gotié

¹⁾ Used when the subject is a group of human beings
and the object is singular.
²⁾ Used when the previous condition does not apply.

References

• Keren Rice (1989), A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 44

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish ti (“te”), from Latin tibi, dative of tu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈti/ [ˈt̪i]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ti

Pronoun

ti

1. prepositional of tú

   ¡Felicidades a ti! ― Congratulations to you!

Derived terms

• yo de ti

See also

Spanish personal pronouns

				Nominative	Disjunctive	Dative	Accusative	Comitative
First-person	Singular			yo	mí	me		conmigo
	Plural	Masculine1		nosotros		nos		—
		Feminine		nosotras
Second-person	Singular	Tuteo		tú	ti	te		contigo
		Voseo		vos	—
		Formal2	Masculine1	usted		le, se3	lo
			Feminine				la
	Plural	Familiar4	Masculine1	vosotros		os
			Feminine	vosotras
		Formal/general2	Masculine1	ustedes		les, se3	los
			Feminine				las
Third-person	Singular	Masculine1		él		le, se3	lo
		Feminine		ella			la
		Neuter		ello5			lo
	Plural	Masculine1		ellos		les, se3	los
		Feminine		ellas			las
	Reflexive			—	sí	se		consigo

1. Like other masculine words, masculine pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
2. Treated as if it were third person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity.
3. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g. se lo dije instead of *le lo dije).
4. Used primarily in Spain.
5. Used only in rare circumstances.

Further reading

• “ti”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024

Sumerian

Romanization

ti

1. romanization of 𒋾

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from English tee, the English name of the letter T / t.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ti/ [t̪ɪ]
• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: ti

Noun

ti (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜒ)

1. the name of the Latin-script letter T/t, in the Filipino alphabet

   Synonyms: (in the Abakada alphabet) ta, (in the Abecedario) te

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi

Further reading

• “ti”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018.

Tapayuna

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Northern Jê *ci (“bone”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt̪i]

Noun

ti

1. bone

Tiwa

Etymology

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tɯi¹ (“water”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-turʔ (“water; fluid; liquid; river; to soak; to spit”).

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• The Bodos in Assam: a socio-cultural study, year 2005-2006 (2007)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

Inherited from English tea.

Noun

ti

1. tea

Tooro

Etymology

Inherited from Common Bantu *tì (“say; quote; that, namely”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti/

Adverb

-ti

1. like this

   abantu bakora bati ― people do this; people work like this

   1. Used to introduce direct speech or writing.
      • 2008, Ekitabu Ekirukwera N'Ebitabu Ebyeetwa Deturokanoniko/Apokurifa [Bible in Runyoro/Rutooro Interconfessional Translation], Bible Society of Uganda, Yohaana 19:19:

        Pilaato yahandiika ekirango, yakita ha musaraba. Kihandiikirweho kiti: “Yesu owa Nazareeti, Omukama w'Abayudaaya.”

        Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: Jesus of Nazareth, the king of the Jews.

      • 2008, Ekitabu Ekirukwera N'Ebitabu Ebyeetwa Deturokanoniko/Apokurifa [Bible in Runyoro/Rutooro Interconfessional Translation], Bible Society of Uganda, Yohaana 19:21-22:

        Baanyakatagara abakuru b'Abayudaaya nukwo kugambira Pilaato bati: “Otahandiika oti: ‘Omukama w'Abayudaaya’; baitu handiika oti: ‘Omuntu onu akeeyeta Omukama w'Abayudaaya.’ ” Pilaato yabagarukamu ati: “Eki mpandiikire, nikyo mpandiikire.”

        The chief priests of the Jews protested to Pilate, “Do not write ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that this man claimed to be king of the Jews.” Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

Inflection

Inflected forms of -ti

Person		Singular	Plural
1st person		nti	tuti
2nd person		oti	muti
3rd person	1/2	ati	bati
	3/4	guti	eti
	5/6	liti	gati
	7/8	kiti	biti
	9/10	eti	ziti
	11/10	ruti
	12/14	kati	buti
	13		tuti
	14/6	buti	gati
	15/6	kuti
	16	hati

See also

• ngu

References

• Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[4], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 438-439
• Entry 2879 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3

Vayu

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• Paul K. Benedict, Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus (1972, →ISBN, page 26

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

• ty

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ti˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tɪj˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tɪj˧˧]

Etymology 1

Sino-Vietnamese word from 司.

Noun

ti

1. (obsolete) department, division of a ministry

Synonyms

• sở

Derived terms

• âm ti
• công ti
• minh ti

Etymology 2

Noun

ti

1. (colloquial) alternative form of tí (“breast”)

Etymology 3

Romanization

ti

1. Sino-Vietnamese reading of 卑

Derived terms

• ti tiện
• tự ti

Wancho

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ti⁵²/

Noun

ti

1. water

References

• Robbins Burling, Mankai Wangsu, Wancho Phonology and word list, Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 21.2 (1998)

Wastek

Adverb

ti

1. on

References

• wordlist

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː/
• Homophones: tu (South Wales), tŷ (South Wales)
• Rhymes: -iː

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *ti, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Alternative forms

• di
• ’th
• chdi

Pronoun

ti

1. you (singular); thou

Usage notes

The pronoun ti can be used by itself colloquially where the affirmative second-person singular present tense of the verb ‘to be’ (rwyt) would be expected, e.g. Ti’n edrych yn union fel dy dad (‘You look just like your father’) instead of Rwyt ti’n edrych....

Mutation

Mutated forms of ti

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
ti	di	unchanged△	thi

^△Irregular.

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Mutation

The soft mutation di is used after verb forms ending in a vowel, and as an emphatic after dy (“your”) (except with dy (“bod”) when introducing a content clause. The nasal mutation does not occur, and the aspirate mutation is often ignored more so than is the case in normal colloquial language.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English tee.

Noun

ti m (plural tiau)

1. tee

Mutation

Mutated forms of ti

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
ti	di	nhi	thi

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tiː/

Noun

ti f (plural tiau)

1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.

Mutation

This word cannot be mutated.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) llythyren; a, bi, ec, èch, di, èdd, e, èf, èff, èg, eng, aetsh, i / i dot, je, ce, el, èll, em, en, o, pi, ffi, ciw, er, rhi, ès, ti, èth, u / u bedol / u gwpan, fi, w, ecs, y, sèd

Western Yugur

Alternative forms

• tʃi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tebe (“camel”).

Noun

ti

1. camel

References

• 雷选春 [Lei Xuanchun]; 陈宗振 [Chen Zongzhen] (1985), “ti”, in 西部裕固语简志 [A Brief Description of Western Yugur]‎^[5], Beijing: 民族出版社, →OCLC, page 159

Yoruba

Pronunciation

• (high-tone): IPA^(key): /tí/
• (mid-tone): IPA^(key): /tī/
• (low-tone): IPA^(key): /tì/

Etymology 1

Noun

tí

1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.

See also

• (Latin-script letter names) lẹ́tà; á, bí, dí, é, ẹ́, fí, gí, gbì, hí, í, jí, kí, lí, mí, ní, ó, ọ́, pí, rí, sí, ṣí, tí, ú, wí, yí

Etymology 2

Pronoun

tí

1. (relative) which, who, that

   Synonym: (Oǹdó, Ìkálẹ̀, Ìlàjẹ) yí

   Adìyẹ tí mo rà. ― The chicken that I bought.

Synonyms

Yoruba varieties (which, who, that)

Language Family	Variety Group	Variety	Words
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY	Southeast Yoruba	Ìjẹ̀bú	rìí, kí, rèé
		Ìkálẹ̀	yí
		Ìlàjẹ	yí
		Oǹdó	yí
		Ọ̀wọ̀	-
		Usẹn	-
Proto-Yoruba	Central Yoruba	Èkìtì	kí
		Ifẹ̀	-
		Ìgbómìnà	-
		Ìjẹ̀ṣà	-
		Western Àkókó	-
	Northwest Yoruba	Àwórì	tí
		Ẹ̀gbá	-
		Ìbàdàn	tí
		Òǹkò	-
		Ọ̀yọ́	tí
		Standard Yorùbá	tí
	Northeast Yoruba/Okun	Ìbùnú	-
		Ìjùmú	-
		Ìyàgbà	-
		Owé	-
		Ọ̀wọ̀rọ̀	-

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

• tíì (when following kò (“negation particle”))

Particle

ti

2. Marks the relational aspect (see table below). By itself, it may refer to an action that has already occurred, but it implies that the relevance or effect of said action is still ongoing.

   Mo ti ṣe é tán. ― I have completed it.

   Wọn ò tí ì ka ìwé tí olùkọ́ fún wọn. ― They have not read the book that the teacher gave them.

See also

Aspect markers in Yoruba
Aspects in Yoruba (Ajani, 2001)
Realis			Irrealis
Unmarked (Completive)	Progressive	Relational	Anticipative	Intentional
∅	ń	ti	máa	yóò ¹
Complex aspects Backgrounder Inceptive Manifestive Relevant–inceptive Habitual Expective Antecedent completion yóò ti ¹ yóò máa ¹ ti máa ti ń máa ń yóò ti máa ¹ ti máa ń
Explanatory notes (Ajani, 2001) Unmarked (Completive) The unmarked form of a verb “indicates a completed action”, e.g. mo lọ sí ilé-ìwé (“I went to school”), though with stative verbs like mọ́ (“to know”) and wà (“to exist”), the action is expressed without particularization, e.g., as “a statement of a general character or universal truth” (Ogunbọwale, 1970), or without any notion of past tense. Take for example, oorú mú (“it is hot”) and mo ní ilé (“I have a house”). Progressive Termed the incompletive by Ajani (2001), this describes an action in progress, “either in the present or before the present”. The sentence wọ́n ń ṣiṣẹ́ could be translated as “they are busy working” or “they were busy working”. Relational This aspect “describes an event or activity that is not complete, with reference to an ongoing event”. Though it may represent an action that has already taken place, the suggestion is that the relevance or effect of said action is still ongoing. The sentence ẹ ti jẹun translates to “you have eaten” or “you ate” — Ajani (2001) notes that “although the activity of eating has taken place sometime before the moment of speech, its effect is still being felt and is still considered incomplete with reference to [an]other activity or event at the moment of utterance”. Previous studies have inaccurately characterised ti as a marker of perfective aspect. Adéwọlé (1991) demonstrates that ti, as a relational marker, can be strung together with other markers to express a sequential relationship between events. Wọ́n ò tí ì jí. They haven’t woken up. Anticipative This aspect describes an activity “that is non-existent but likely to take place”, and can be used in “predicting, planning, or speculation”. It can be translated as “will”, “might” or “have plans to”, expressing anticipation of a possible future event or action. Intentional Like the anticipative, yóò is mainly used to refer to actions in the future, though it differs from máa in that it expresses an intention to do something. It “denotes that the speaker has control over the performance of the activity in question, and has weighed all the options before making the decision”. Note that yóò cannot be used after regular pronouns, the subject must be an emphatic pronoun like èmi or òun. Ẹ̀yin yóò wá kí wa lọ́la. You intend to come and visit us tomorrow. Backgrounder Provides “a background to another action that is yet to take place. […] the backgrounder aspect operates within the main clause to provide a background to the event described in the subordinate clause that is introduced by 'kí' (before).” Àwa yóò ti lọ kí ẹ tó padà. We will have left before you return. Inceptive Describes “an activity that is yet to begin but which the speaker has decided to embark upon shortly […] There is an anticipation, informed by a decision, to embark upon the process of leaving the place of utterance”. This aspect is somewhat similar to the intentional yóò, but it suggests that the subject of the sentence has made a decision to do something in the near future. Èmi yóò máa lọ. I will be leaving any time from now. Manifestive This sequence “describes an activity that would have started prior to another one”. In the manifestive, “the activity is expected to have begun and be ongoing before the second event takes place”. There is also an intention or expectation, by the speaker, to have already started doing something “by the time the subject of the second clause arrives on the scene”. A ti máa lọ kí o tó dé. We will have left before you arrive. Relevant–inceptive This “describes an activity that has or had just started but is or was still on-going before another one”. The activity, “though begun prior to the moment of speech, still has relevance and effect at the moment of speech”. Wọ́n ti ń sùn kí a tó dé ilé. They had already gone to bed and were sleeping before we got home. In this sentence, the “act of sleeping carried on into the moment of speech” and “probably was interrupted with the arrival of the persons in the second clause”. Habitual The habitual aspect in Yoruba “describes an activity that was performed on a regular basis prior to the present or is continually performed on a regular basis. It refers to a habitual event or activity, either in a timeless frame or in a past frame”. It may be analysed as the habitual aspect in the past tense, or without any “specific time frame of reference”. Expective This “describes an activity that will have begun and still be ongoing before another one takes place”, and may be analysed as a combination of the backgrounder and anticipative aspects. While “the backgrounder deals with an event that would have begun and have been completed before another event, the expective deals with an event that would have begun and would still be ongoing before a second event takes place”. This aspect is similar to the manifestive, but there is a “sense of certainty” that the manifestive lacks. Ìwọ yóò ti máa kàwé kí a tó jí. You will have been reading before we wake up. Antecedent completion This aspect “describes an action that used to have been completed, on a regular basis, prior to another activity”, and may be seen as the addition of incompleteness (ń) to the manifestive aspect (ti máa), or relationality (ti) to the habitual aspect (máa ń). While “the manifestive describes an activity that would have started prior to another one, the antecedent completion describes an activity or event that took place regularly before another one over a period of time prior to the moment of utterance”. Wọ́n ti máa ń jẹun tán kí a tó lọ. They used to have finished eating before we left.
Tense and aspect in Yoruba (Ogunbọwale, 1970) Primary Relational Unmarked Habitual Progressive–continuous Fixed beginning Fixed end Present–past ∅ máa ń a máa ń ń ti ń ti ³ ti máa ń ⁴ a ti máa ⁴ Future yóò ¹ ó máa á — yóò máa ¹ ó máa á máa yóò ti máa ¹ ó ti máa á ti máa yóò ti ¹ ó ti á ti Negative constructions (Adebayo, 2021) Primary Relational Unmarked Habitual Fixed beginning Fixed end ² Present–past kò ² kì í ⁵ kì í máa ⁵ kò ń ² kò máa ń ² — kò ì ³ kò tí ì ³ ⁵ kò ì tí ì ³ ⁵ kò ti ń ⁴ kò ti máa ń ⁴ Future kò níí ² kì yóò ¹ kì ó kì yóò máa ¹ kì yóò tí ì máa ¹ ⁵ kò níí tí ì máa ² ⁵ kì yóò tí ì ¹ ⁵ kò ì kò ì níí kò níí tí ì ⁵ kò tí ì níí ⁵
Footnotes yóó, yíò and yíó are alternative forms of yóò. Note that if a pronoun comes before yóò, that pronoun must be emphatic. ò is an alternative form of kò, often used after personal pronouns. Treated as representations of the “perfective unmarked” aspect in Bamgboṣe (2000) and completive aspect in Ogunbọwale (1970). This aspect is termed “relational” by Adéwọlé (1991) and Ajani (2010) in their analyses. According to Ogunbọwale (1970), these are used to “describe a habitual action in the past but one which has ceased to exist”. This is analogous to the aspect of “antecedent completion” in the analysis by Ajani (2010). kì í and tí ì are sometimes written without spaces: kìí and tíì.
References Adebayo, T. A. (2021), “Yorùbá Sentential Negative Markers”, in Studies in African Linguistics, volume 50, number 1, →DOI, pages 140–166 Adéwọlé, L. O. (1991), “Aspect and Phase Systems in Yoruba”, in Calgary Working Papers in Linguistics, volume 14, pages 1–20 Ajani, Timothy Temilọla (2001), Aspect in Yoruba and Nigerian English, University of Florida dissertation Bamgboṣe, Ayọ (2000), A Grammar of Yoruba, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN Ogunbọwale, P. O. (1970), The Essentials of the Yoruba Language, London: University of London Press, →ISBN, →OCLC

Etymology 4

Verb

tì

1. (transitive) to push; to lean on
2. (transitive) to close; to shut

Etymology 5

Verb

ti

1. (intransitive) to arrive at

Etymology 6

Verb

tì

1. (intransitive) not be able, cannot

Derived terms

• ó tì (“no”, interjection)

Etymology 7

Verb

tì

1. to feel shame, embarrassment, shyness

   Ojú máa ń tì mí nígbà tí mo bá ń sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ara mi.

   I feel shy whenever I talk about myself.

Usage notes

• Ti before a direct object noun.
• This verb is usually used with ojú (“face, eyes”) or ara (“body”) in the following constructions:

  ojú tì... ― for ... to feel shy/embarrassed

  ara tì... ― for the body of ... to shudder

Derived terms

• tijú (“to show shame, embarrassment”)

References

• Awoyale, Yiwola (19 December 2008), “tì1”, in Global Yoruba Lexical Database v. 1.0‎^[6] (in Yoruba), volume LDC2008L03, Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium, →DOI, →ISBN

Zacatepec Chatino

Etymology 1

Adjective

ti

1. alternative form of lti

Etymology 2

Noun

ti

1. alternative form of lti

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ti

1. day before yesterday