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ab-

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ab"

English

Etymology 1

From Latin ab-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epo (“off, away”) (English off, of).^[1] Doublet of apo- and off-.

Alternative forms

a- (found if the root word started with m, p, or v)
abs- (found if the root word started with c or t)

Prefix

ab-

(no longer productive) From.
‎ab- + ‎sorb → ‎absorb
(no longer productive) Away from; outside of.
‎ab- + ‎normal → ‎abnormal

‎ab- + ‎axial → ‎abaxial

Synonyms

(away from): out-, off-, apo-, de-, away, off

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Abbreviation of absolute.

Prefix

ab-

(physics) A unit of electromagnetic charge in the centimeter-gram-second system: the abcoulomb.

References

^ Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 1

“ab-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

-ba-, B. A., B.A., BA, Ba, ba, ba'

German

Etymology

From ab, from Middle High German abe, ab, from Old High German ab, from Proto-West Germanic *ab(a), from Proto-Germanic *ab. Compare English off-.

Pronunciation

(Standard German) IPA^(key): /ap/, [ʔäpʰ]
(Switzerland) IPA^(key): /ab̥/
Audio (Germany (Berlin)): (file)

Prefix

ab-

Separable verb prefix that indicates removal or quitting, off, away.
Synonym: aus-

‎ab- + ‎fahren (“to drive”) → ‎abfahren (“to depart, drive away”)

‎ab- + ‎spülen (“to rinse, wash”) → ‎abspülen (“to rinse off, wash off”)
Separable verb prefix that indicates a downward movement, down.
Synonyms: hinab-, herab-, runter-, herunter-, hinunter-

‎ab- + ‎tauchen (“to dive”) → ‎abtauchen (“to submerge”)
Separable verb prefix that indicates from or of.
Noun prefix that indicates being different from the source or deviation.
‎ab- + ‎Art (“kind, sort”) → ‎Abart (“variety, variant, anomality”)

‎ab- + ‎Gott (“God”) → ‎Abgott (“idol; god other than the true God”)

‎ab- + ‎Laut (“sound”) → ‎Ablaut (“ablaut; vowel gradation or alternation”)

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “on”): an-
(antonym(s) of “up”): auf-, rauf-, hinauf-, herauf-

Derived terms

German terms prefixed with ab-

abfrühstücken

See also

ab

Further reading

“ab-” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
“ab-” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
“ab-” in Duden online
“ab-” in OpenThesaurus.de

Indonesian

Etymology

From Dutch ab-, from Latin ab-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ap]

Prefix

ab-

ab- (from; away from; outside of)

Derived terms

Indonesian terms prefixed with ab-

Further reading

“ab-”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Etymology

From Latin ab (“from, away from”).

Prefix

ab-

ab- (away from; outside of)

Derived terms

Italian terms prefixed with ab-

Further reading

ab- in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

Anagrams

ba

Latin

Alternative forms

abs- (used before /k/, /t/)
ā- (used before /b/, /m/, /w/)

Etymology

From the preposition ab (“from, away from”).

Prefix

ab-

from, away, away from
off
at a distance
completely, thoroughly
absence of
more remote
removed by three generations
abamita (“great-great-grandaunt”)

abavia (“great-great-grandmother”)

abavunculus (“great-great-granduncle”)

abavus (“great-great-grandfather”)

abmātertera (“great-great-grandaunt”)

abnepōs (“great-great-grandson”)

abneptis (“great-great-granddaughter”)

absocer (“great-great-grandfather-in-law”)

Usage notes

Before b, m, sp and v, the prefix becomes ā-.
Before c and t, the prefix becomes abs-.
Before f, the prefix becomes au-.
Before p, the prefix becomes as- (but with some exceptions).

Derived terms

Latin terms prefixed with ab-

abarticulamentum

Malay

Prefix

ab- (Jawi spelling اب-)

ab-

Derived terms

Category Malay terms prefixed with ab- not found

References

“ab-” in Kamus Bahasa Melayu Nusantara Edisi Kedua (‘Nusantara Malay Language Dictionary Second Edition’), Berakas: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei, 2011, →ISBN, page 1.

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