Research
Research is important. We love it. Mass Observation is used by researchers of all kinds, from historians and sociologists to designers and artists. This page contains information on how to conduct research in the archive, how you can be part of commissioning a Directive and information on collaborative projects.
Accessing Mass Observation Materials
All Mass Observation materials can be viewed via a visit to The Keep.
However, if you can’t visit us in person much of our material has been digitised.
Online Databases and Digitised Material
MO has partnered with AM Digital to create two online databases. To access these you will need to visit a university or library who has a subscription.
Mass Observation Online highlights our collection up until the 1950s.
Mass Observation Project highlights our work from 1981-2009.
Free to Access Resources

Observing the 1980s brings together voices from the Mass Observation Project & British Library Oral History Collections alongside ephemera from the University of Sussex Library.

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Mass Observation captured people’s everyday lived experiences. With the help of a Wellcome Trust grant a database now provides researchers access to nearly 10,000 documents. Find out more about the project.

The Worktown Archive is a unique historical document of everyday life in Bolton and the first Mass Observation study to take place in Britain.
If you are interested in Directive response materials post-2009 and are unable to visit please contact MOA.
Guides to using Mass Observation
If you’re using Mass Observation for the first time, we recommend reading this guide first.
We also have a separate page featuring guidance for referencing and publishing. You may also find our ‘Introduction to Mass Observation‘ videos on YouTube helpful.
Commissions
‘The depth and variety of experiences Panelists write about are invaluable. The written responses add another dimension to research findings gleaned through other methods’
Professor Carol Smart

What is a commission
You can commission a Directive to generate a collection of qualitative data from our national panel of volunteer writers, known as Mass Observers or Correspondents.
For a fee, this collaboration would involve buying in to a relationship which Mass Observation has nurtured with for over 40 years.
Mass Observers contribute openly and candidly and with great trust. Observers are committed to the ethos of documenting the ‘everyday’ for the purposes of contemporary research and safekeeping for future generations.
‘Observers have had the opportunity to reflect upon a directive in their own time and write their response at their own pace. This is clearly reflected in the quality of many of the responses which tend to be in-depth and reflexive’
Dr Vanessa May, University of Manchester and Commissioner Belonging Directive 2018

Producing a Directive
Ideally, discussions about commissioning will take place in the early stages of planning a research project and MO can provide advice during the process of applying for funding.
The design of the actual Directive text is a joint process between the researcher and the Archive and usually takes place in the two or three weeks running up to the Directive mail out.
We encourage researchers to look at earlier Directives and at samples of replies to help design their questions.

Directive Responses
Directives are produced in Spring, Summer and Autumn. Each directive contains 2-3 parts. Each part has a different theme with a range of open-ended questions.
The responses are particularly rich, detailed and personal, often providing insights which are difficult to obtain using other methods. It is therefore much more than a simple questionnaire mail-out or data collection service.
It is not a survey in the traditional sense and the Panel does not constitute a representative sample of the population. There is no guarantee that contributions from specific kinds of people will be represented in the material. This has implications for the methodological approach to analysis and interpretation which the researcher chooses and the Archive can advise if required.

Costs and Terms of Commission
As a registered charity we charge a fee for collaborating on a Directive, which supports our project costs. You can read our terms of collaboration here. Please contact us to find out more about fees.
Research Themes
Approaching the collection can sometimes be daunting, and the stories you’re looking for might not always be in the place you expect!
We’ve created these curated research themes as resources to get you started with Mass Observation.
Health and Wellbeing
Publications:
Olsen, V et al Exploring Public Perceptions and Understandings of Dementia: analysing narratives from the Mass Observation Project https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1471301219861468,
Busby, H Writing about Health and Sickness: An Analysis of Contemporary Autobiographical Writing from the British Mass-Observation Archive https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.5153/sro.480,
May, V Belonging across the lifetime: Time and self in Mass Observation accounts https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1468-4446.12276
Burchell, A and Thomson, M (2021) ‘Composing well-being: mental health and the Mass Observation Project in twentieth-century Britain’, Social History of Medicine
Suggested Directives:
You & the NHS (Summer 2018)
Loneliness & Belonging (Summer 2019)
Everyday Health and Wellbeing (Autumn 2020)
Royalty and Monarchy
Publications:
Thomas, J From people power to mass hysteria: Media and popular reactions to the death of Princess Diana https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1367877908092590
Suggested Directives:
Coronation (Spring 2023)
The Royal Family and update (death of Queen Elizabeth II) (Summer 2022)
The Royal Wedding (Spring 2018)
House and Home
Publications:
Hurdley, R Literary allusion in sociological analysis: Mass Observation mantelpiece reports as epic and drama https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/14687941231176944
Bhatti, M Garden Stories: Auto/biography, Gender and Gardening https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.5153/sro.3377
The Hidden History of the Mantelpiece BBC sounds: Rachel Hurdley and Jessica Scantlebury
Suggested Directives:
Mantelpieces and Treasured Objects (Autumn 2019)
Your Bedroom (Spring 2017)
Homelessness (Autumn 2016)
Politics and Politicians
Publications:
Clarke, N Changing spaces of political encounter and the rise of anti-politics: Evidence from Mass Observation’s General Election diaries https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629816300397
Clarke, N & Moss, J Popular imaginative geographies and Brexit: Evidence from Mass Observation https://rgs-ibg.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/tran.12444
Cowan, D. (2024). The National Lottery, religion, and community in mid-1990s Britain. Contemporary British History, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/13619462.2024.2410548
Suggested Directives:
Election Day (Autumn 2019)
The EU Referendum (Spring 2016)
Politics and Politicians (Spring 2014)
Archives and Ethics
Arti
Publications:
Courage, F (2019) Using the Mass Observation Project: A Case Study in the Practice of Reusing Data Qualitative Sociological Review http://www.qualitativesociologyreview.org/PL/Volume45/PSJ_15_1_Courage.pdf
Moore, N (2007) (Re)Using Qualitative Data? Sociological Research Online https://www.socresonline.org.uk/12/3/1.html
van Emmerik , C (2023) Ethical Reflexivity, Care, and Slippery Data: Lessons From Working With the Mass Observation Project. Sociological Research Online https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/13607804231164486
Webinars:
MO85: Mass Observers: responding to the difficult questions with Renelle McGlacken & Nina Lockwood
MO85: Mass Observation and Methodology (29th June 2022, MO Seminar)
MO as Method
Publications:
Lindsey, R., & Bulloch, S. (2014). A Sociologist’s Field Notes to the Mass Observation Archive: A Consideration of the Challenges of ‘re-Using’ Mass Observation Data in a Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study. Sociological Research Online, 19(3), 147-160. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.3362
Moor, L., & Uprichard, E. (2014). The Materiality of Method: The Case of the Mass Observation Archive. Sociological Research Online, 19(3), 136-146. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.3379
Kramer, A.-M. (2014). The Observers and the Observed: The ‘dual Vision’ of the Mass Observation Project. Sociological Research Online, 19(3), 226-236. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.3455
Pollen, A. (2014). Shared Ownership and Mutual Imaginaries: Researching Research in Mass Observation. Sociological Research Online, 19(3), 214-225. https://doi.org/10.5153/sro.3317
Other Resources:
Analysing qualitative data https://onlineqda.hud.ac.uk/methodologies.html
Collaborative Projects
Mass Observation has worked closely with the Morgan Centre for many years. Researchers at the centre have collaborated on a wide range of Directives such as Close Relationships (1990), Belonging (2010), Siblings (2012) and Grudging Acts (2022). Most recently UG students have used narrative responses as a source of secondary data for their dissertations.

Occasional Papers
Produced by MO staff and associated researchers the occasional papers explore themes and topics
The Occasional Papers
- ‘Reading Mass Observation Writing; Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Researching the Mass Observation Archive’ by Dorothy Sheridan and Professor Brian Street
- 2. ‘Observing the ‘Other’: Mass Observation and ‘Race” by Tony Kushner
- 3. ‘Weeping in the Cinema in 1950: A reassessment of Mass-Observation material’ by Sue Harper and Vincent Porter
- 4. Birth and Power. An examination of some Mass Observation writing by Claire Sornerville and Helena Watson with Amy Fletcher and Anisha Imhasly
- 4. Birth and Power. An examination of some Mass Observation writing by Claire Sornerville and Helena Watson with Amy Fletcher and Anisha Imhasly
- 5. Mass Observation, Gender and Nationhood. Britain in the Falklands War by Lucy Noakes
- 6. The Family in Time and Space: personal conceptions of kinship by Dorothy Jerrome
- 7. “Damned anecdotes and dangerous confabulations” Mass Observation as life history by Dorothy Sheridan
- 8. Mass Observation and Civilian Morale: working class communities during the Blitz 1940-41 by Brad Beavan and John Griffiths
- 10. Mass Observation: a short history by Tom Jeffery
- 11. Health, sickness and the work ethic by Helen Busby
- 12. Beneath the mourning veil: Mass Observation and the death of Diana by James Thomas



