vilis

See also: Vilis

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *weslis, from Proto-Indo-European *weslis, a deverbal adjective with passive meaning ("which can be bought"), from the root of venum (“sale”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwiː.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.lis]

Adjective

vīlis (neuter vīle, comparative vīlior, superlative vīlissimus); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. cheap, inexpensive

   Antonyms: pretiōsus, cārus, impēnsus, dīves, antīquus

   vestīmentum aliquod ex vīlibus scrūtīs cōnsarcinātum ― some garment sewn of cheap scraps of cloth

2. base, vile, mean, worthless, cheap, paltry

   Synonyms: inānis, miser

   Quī tē caret hōc tempore fit vīlior, dulcis amor.

   Who is without you in this season is fit for nothing, sweet love.

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

	singular			plural
	masc./fem.	neuter		masc./fem.	neuter
nominative	vīlis	vīle		vīlēs	vīlia
genitive	vīlis			vīlium
dative	vīlī			vīlibus
accusative	vīlem	vīle		vīlīs vīlēs	vīlia
ablative	vīlī			vīlibus
vocative	vīlis	vīle		vīlēs	vīlia

Derived terms

• ēvīlēscō
• vīlēscō
• vīlificō
• vīlipendium
• vīlitās
• vīliter
• vīlitō

Descendants

• Catalan: vil
• → English: vile
• French: vil, vile
• Friulian: vîl
• Italian: vile
• Piedmontese: vil
• Portuguese: vil
• Romanian: vil
• Sicilian: vili
• Spanish: vil

References

• “vilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vilis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to buy cheaply: parvo, vili pretio or bene emere
    
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN