sot

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sot"

Languages (24)

Translingual • English

---

Achang • Albanian • Catalan • Dalmatian • Danish • Faliscan • French • Friulian • Ladin • Luxembourgish • Middle English • Middle High German • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Old Swedish • Scots • Sranan Tongo • Swedish • Volapük • Waigali • Zoogocho Zapotec

---

Page categories

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Sotho or abbreviation of Sotho Sesotho.

Symbol

sot

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sotho.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Sotho terms

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɒt/
• Rhymes: -ɒt
• Homophone: sought (cot–caught merger)

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English sot, from Old English sot, sott (“foolish, stupid”), from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of obscure origin and relation. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to French zut! (“damn it!”).

Compare Middle Low German sot (“insane, foolish, stupid”), Middle Dutch sot ("foolish, absurd, stupid"; > modern Dutch zot), French sot (“stupid, foolish, goofy”).

Noun

sot (plural sots)

1. (archaic) Stupid person; fool.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

     Remember
     First to possess his books; for without them
     He's but a sot, as I am […]

   • c. 1670-1680, John Oldham, The Eighth Satire of Monsieur Boileau, imitated

     In Egypt oft has seen the Sot bow down,
     And reverence some deified Baboon.

2. Drunkard.
   • 1684, Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon, Essay on Translated Verse:

     Every sign
     That calls the staring sots to nasty wine.

   • April 21, 1864, John Ruskin, "Traffic", Unto This Last and Other Writings, New York: Penguin (1997), p. 235

     Take a picture by Teniers, of sots quarrelling over their dice; it is an entirely clever picture; so clever that nothing in its kind has ever been done equal to it; but it is also an entirely base and evil picture.

Synonyms

• (stupid person): See also Thesaurus:idiot (intelligence) or Thesaurus:fool (wisdom)
• (drunkard): alcoholic, souse, suck-pint; See also Thesaurus:drunkard

Derived terms

• sottish

Translations

stupid person; fool

• French: sot (fr) m
• Russian: дура́к (ru) m (durák)

drunkard

• Bulgarian: пияница (bg) m (pijanica)
• Finnish: juopporatti, juoppolalli (fi)
• Japanese: 飲んべえ (nonbē)
• Latin: madulsa m
• Manx: kione meshtal m
• Romanian: bețiv m, bețivan m, drojdier m
• Russian: пья́ница (ru) m (pʹjánica), алкого́лик (ru) m (alkogólik)
• Spanish: tomador (es) m, borracho (es) m, bebedor (es) m
• Swedish: fylltratt c

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} zot (nl) m

Etymology 2

From Middle English sotten, from the adjective (see above).

Verb

sot (third-person singular simple present sots, present participle sotting, simple past and past participle sotted)

1. To drink until one becomes drunk
2. To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot.
   • 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, (please specify the page number):

     I hate to see a brave, bold fellow sotted.

Derived terms

• besot
• sotted
• sot-weed

Translations

to drink until drunk

• Bulgarian: напивам се (napivam se)
• Russian: напива́ться (ru) n (napivátʹsja)

Etymology 3

Compare sod (vulgar interjection).

Pronunciation

• (Singapore) IPA^(key): /sɒt/

Adjective

sot (comparative more sot, superlative most sot)

1. (Singapore, colloquial, vulgar) Upset, unhappy or bitter about something.
   • 2020 July 11, @risaannwong, Twitter‎^[3]:

     Ngl still damn sot about PV barging into Pasir Ris-Punggol and forcing a vote-split. The disrespect towards SDA was NOT ACCEPTABLE

Etymology 4

From Cantonese short (sot¹, “crazy”), itself a clipping of English short circuit.

Adjective

sot (comparative more sot, superlative most sot, reduplicated sot sot)

1. (Singlish, Manglish) Insane, crazy, screwed up.
   • 2024 March 4, Unregistered, “Shopee fresh grad pay”, in Salary.sg Forums:

     all swe [software engineers] recently sot sot one. spent the last 3 years chasing too much headline salaries but now tech winter so all scared and frustrated . frustrations boiling over

Verb

sot (invariable)

1. (Singlish, Manglish, intransitive) To short circuit, to go haywire or malfunction.
   • 2009 May 29, anric79, “[Group] YAMAHA Fazer”, in singaporebikes.com:

     my stock horn sot sot liao

2. (Singlish, Manglish, intransitive) To go crazy.
   • 2021 July 13, Unregistered, “Roles in accenture singapore”, in Salary.sg Forums:

     All these delusional ACN graduates. Must be OT so much until brain sot liao

Etymology 5

Analogically formed on the model of get:got by those who use either git (“get”) or set (“sit”).

Verb

sot

1. (dialectal, obsolete) simple past and past participle of sit

Anagrams

• ToS, TOs, Tso, OST, sto, OTs, ost, OTS, ots, TOS, TSO

Achang

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Myanmar) /sɔt˧/
• (Lianghe) [sut³¹]
• (Longchuan) [sut⁵⁵]
• (Luxi) [sut⁵⁵]
• (Xiandao) [sut⁵⁵]

Noun

sot

1. nest

Further reading

• Inglis, Douglas; Sampu, Nasaw; Jaseng, Wilai; Jana, Thocha (2005), A preliminary Ngochang–Kachin–English Lexicon‎^[4], Payap University, page 121

Albanian

Alternative forms

• sod — Gheg
• σὸτ — Arvanitika

Etymology

From a contraction of the syntagma *só diti "on this day", from Proto-Albanian *ti̯ā́ dī́ti, from Proto-Indo-European *tes(m)i̯áh₂i dih₂ti. Same type of construction as sonte, sivjet. See also ditë, which is related to the second component.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sot]

Adverb

sot

1. today

Derived terms

• sotmë, sormë

Related terms

• sonte
• sivjet
• ditë

Catalan

Etymology

From Paleo-Hispanic root *(t)sott-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈsɔt]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔt

Noun

sot m (plural sots)

1. hollow
2. pit, hole
3. grave

Derived terms

• ensotar
• sotal

Further reading

• “sot”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
• “sot” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin exsūctus (compare Italian asciutto, Venetan suto, Friulian sut, Spanish enjuto, Portuguese enxuto) or Latin suctus (compare Romanian supt).

Adjective

sot

1. dry

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz, cognate with Norwegian sott, Swedish sot (archaic), German Sucht. Derived from the verb *seukaną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soːˀt/, [ˈsoˀd̥]

Noun

sot c (singular definite soten, plural indefinite soter)

1. (dated) disease

Synonyms

• sygdom

Derived terms

• blegsot
• farsot
• gulsot
• ildsot
• sotteseng
• svindsot
• vattersot

Further reading

• “sot” in Den Danske Ordbog

Faliscan

Etymology

Cognate with Latin sunt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsoːt/

Verb

sōt

1. third-person plural present active indicative of 𐌄𐌔𐌞 (esú)
   • 2009, Gabriël Bakkum, The Latin dialect of the Ager Faliscus: 150 years of scholarship (in English), Vossiuspers UvA, page 529:

     [---]fatecela·letezotxxiiii

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French sot, from Old French soz, from Medieval Latin sottus (“foolish”), of uncertain ultimate origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern zut! (“damn it!”). This Latin word was borrowed into Germanic languages such as Dutch zot, Old English sott (modern English sot).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /so/

  • Audio:

    (file)

  • Homophones: saut, sauts, sceau, sceaux, seau, seaux, sots
• (older, now chiefly Belgium) IPA^(key): /sɔ/
  • Homophone: sots

Adjective

sot (feminine sotte, masculine plural sots, feminine plural sottes)

1. silly, foolish, stupid

Derived terms

• il n'y a pas de sot métier

Noun

sot m (plural sots, feminine sotte)

1. imbecile, fool

Derived terms

• sottise

Further reading

• “sot”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin subtus, which is derived from Latin sub. Cognate to Ladin sot, Romansch sut, suot, Venetan sóto, Italian sotto, French sous, Romanian sub, supt.

Preposition

sot

1. under, beneath, underneath
2. below, south of

Adverb

sot

1. down
2. underneath
3. below

Derived terms

• disot

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin subtus.

Adverb

sot

1. under, beneath
2. below

Luxembourgish

Verb

sot

1. inflection of soen:
   1. second-person plural present/preterite indicative
   2. first/third-person singular preterite indicative
   3. second-person plural imperative

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English sot, sott, from Medieval Latin sottus, reinforced by Old French sot (“idiotic”), of obscure origin. Possibly an expressive interjection, similar to modern French zut! (“damn it!”).

Alternative forms

• sotte, sote, sott, soth

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔt/, /sɔːt/

Noun

sot (plural sottes or (Early ME) sotten)

1. One who lacks wisdom, knowledge, or intelligence; a stupid person.
2. A villainous or dishonest individual; a rogue or scoundrel.
3. (derogatory) Used as a general-purpose insult.

Derived terms

• sotie
• sotliche
• sotschipe
• sotten

Descendants

• English: sot
• Scots: sot

References

• “sot, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 14 June 2019.

Adjective

sot (plural and weak singular sotte)

1. idiotic, unwise

References

• “sot, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 14 June 2019.

Etymology 2

From Old English sōt.

Noun

sot

1. alternative form of soot (“soot”)

Middle High German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (before 13^th CE) /ˈs̠oːt/

Verb

sōt

1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of sieden

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot f or m (definite singular sota or soten, uncountable)
sot n (definite singular sotet, uncountable)

1. soot

References

• “sot” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “sot” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot f or n (definite singular sota or sotet, uncountable)

1. soot

References

• “sot” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sōtą, from Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soːt/

Noun

sōt n

1. soot

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	sōt	sōt
accusative	sōt	sōt
genitive	sōtes	sōta
dative	sōte	sōtum

Descendants

• Middle English: soot, soeth, sood, soote, sot, sote, soth, soyte, suotte, sude, sute (Northern)
  • English: soot
  • Scots: suit, sute
  • Yola: zoot

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /soːt/

Noun

sōt f

1. sickness

Declension

Declension of sōt (i-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sōt	sōttin	sōtti(r), -e(r)	sōttina(r), sōttena(r)
accusative	sōt	sōttina, -ena	sōtti(r), -e(r)	sōttina(r), sōttena(r)
dative	sōt	sōttinni, -inne	sōttum, -om	sōttumin, -omen
genitive	sōtta(r)	sōttinna(r)	sōtta	sōttanna

Synonyms

• siuka

Descendants

• Swedish: sot

References

• sot in Knut Fredrik Söderwall, Ordbok öfver svenska medeltids-språket, del 2:1: M-T

Scots

Adverb

sot

1. so (to contradict a negative clause)
   • 1897, J. Mackinnon, Braefoot Sketches:

     “I wisna a grain feart.” “Ye wis sot. Ye ran like the rest o's.”

     “I wasn't scared at all.” “You was so. You ran like the rest of us.”

References

• “sot”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Sranan Tongo

Determiner

sot

1. pronunciation spelling of sortu (“what kind of”)

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /suːt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sót, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.

Noun

sot n

1. soot

Declension

Declension of sot

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	sot	sots
	definite	sotet	sotets
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Related terms

• sota
• sotare
• sotbrand (“chimney fire”)
• soteld (“chimney fire”)

Etymology 2

From Old Swedish sōt, from Old Norse sótt, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.

Noun

sot c

1. (archaic) disease, sickness

Declension

Declension of sot

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	sot	sots
	definite	soten	sotens
plural	indefinite	soter	soters
	definite	soterna	soternas

Derived terms

• bleksot
• blodsot
• fallandesot
• farsot
• fettsot
• guldsot
• gulsot
• lungsot
• rödsot
• tvinsot
• utsot
• vattusot

Related terms

• sota

References

• sot in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sot in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sot in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• 1. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
• 2. sot in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)

Anagrams

• ost, ots, sto

Volapük

Noun

sot (nominative plural sots)

1. a sort
2. a kind
3. a type

Declension

Declension of sot

	singular	plural
nominative	sot	sots
genitive	sota	sotas
dative	sote	sotes
accusative	soti	sotis
vocative 1	o sot!	o sots!
predicative 2	sotu	sotus

¹ status as a case is disputed
² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Synonyms

• bid

Waigali

Waigali cardinal numbers

<  6	7	8  >
Cardinal : sot

Etymology

From Proto-Nuristani *satta, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *saptá, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsot/

Numeral

sot (Nisheigram)

1. seven

Zoogocho Zapotec

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish azote, from Arabic السَوْط (as-sawṭ, “the whip”).

Noun

sot

1. whip
2. whipping, beating

Derived terms

• chgoꞌo sot

References

• Long C., Rebecca; Cruz M., Sofronio (2000), Diccionario zapoteco de San Bartolomé Zoogocho, Oaxaca (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 38)‎^[5] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Coyoacán, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 273