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pilus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Piluś

English

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin pilus (“hair”). Doublet of pile.

Pronunciation

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This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA or enPR then please add some!

Noun

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pilus (plural pili)

  1. (biology) A hair.
  2. (microbiology) A hairlike appendage found on the cell surface of many bacteria.
  3. (biochemistry) A bacterial protein that has several biochemical functions.

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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Anagrams

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Dutch

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Noun

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pilus m (plural pili, no diminutive)

  1. pilus (bacterial appendage)

Estonian

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Noun

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pilus

  1. inessive singular of pilu

Latin

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Etymology 1

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Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la

Uncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pьlstь (“felt”) as cognates,[1][2] but this is no longer accepted.[3][4][5]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension

  1. (anatomy) A hair.
    Synonym: capillus
  2. (figuratively) An insignificant amount; iota; least amount
Declension
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Second-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative pilus pilī
genitive pilī pilōrum
dative pilō pilīs
accusative pilum pilōs
ablative pilō pilīs
vocative pile pilī
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: per
    • Megleno-Romanian: per
    • Istro-Romanian: per
    • Romanian: păr
  • Dalmatian:
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Occitano-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:
  • Borrowings:
    • → English: pile (fine underfur of certain animals)
    • → Ido: pilo

References

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  1. ^ Walde, Alois (1927), Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 71
  2. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830
  3. ^ Walde, Alois; Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954), “pilus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 304–305
  4. ^ Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “pilus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 507b
  5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pilus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465

Etymology 2

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From pīlum (“javelin”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pīlus m (genitive pīlī); second declension

  1. A maniple of the triāriī; a reserve company of veteran soldiers.
Declension
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Second-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative pīlus pīlī
genitive pīlī pīlōrum
dative pīlō pīlīs
accusative pīlum pīlōs
ablative pīlō pīlīs
vocative pīle pīlī
Synonyms
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Derived terms
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Further reading

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  • “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "pilus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “pilus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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