anaid

Old Irish

FWOTD – 28 February 2025

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *anati (“to remain”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₁ti (“to breathe”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.nəðʲ/
  • (Blasse) [ˈa.nɪðʲ]
  • (Griffith) [ˈa.nɨðʲ]

Verb

anaid (conjunct ·ana, verbal noun anad)

1. to stay, remain
2. to wait
3. to resist, to withstand
4. to cease, to stop

For quotations using this term, see Citations:anaid.

Inflection

Simple, class A I present, s preterite, f future, a subjunctive

		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present indicative	abs.			anaid	anmai		anait
	conj.			·ana
	rel.			anas
imperfect indicative				·anad			·andais
preterite	abs.			anais; anis			ansait
	conj.	·anus	·anis	·an	·ansam
	rel.
perfect	deut.	ru·anus	ro·anis	ro·an; ru·an
	prot.			·ran, ·rran	·rransam
future	abs.	ainfa
	conj.	·ainib; ·anub; ·aniub					·ainfet
	rel.
conditional			·ainfeda	·ainfed
present subjunctive	abs.
	conj.	·ran, ·rran (ro-form)					ru·anat (ro-form)
	rel.
past subjunctive
imperative			an		anam	anaid	anat
verbal noun		anad
past participle
verbal of necessity

Derived terms

• con·osna
• fo·fúasna
• imm·ana

Descendants

• Middle Irish: fanaid
  • Irish: fan
  • Scottish Gaelic: fan

Mutation

Mutation of anaid

radical	lenition	nasalization
anaid (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	anaid	n-anaid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “anaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language