The Empathy Quotient: An Investigation of Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High Functioning Autism, and Normal Sex Differences
@article{BaronCohen2004TheEQ,
title={The Empathy Quotient: An Investigation of Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High Functioning Autism, and Normal Sex Differences},
author={Simon Baron-Cohen and Sally J. Wheelwright},
journal={Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders},
year={2004},
volume={34},
pages={163-175},
url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2663853}
}The EQ reveals both a sex difference in empathy in the general population and an empathy deficit in Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism adults, who are reported clinically to have difficulties in empathy.
3,873 Citations
The Friendship Questionnaire: An Investigation of Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism, and Normal Sex Differences
- 2003
Psychology
A new selfreport questionnaire, the Friendship Questionnaire (FQ), is reported, which reveals both a sex difference in the style of friendship in the general population and provides support for the extreme male brain theory of autism.
Empathy Measurement in Autistic and Nonautistic Adults: A COSMIN Systematic Literature Review
- 2020
Psychology
Of the 19 measures identified, five demonstrated "High-Quality" evidence for "Insufficient" properties and cannot be recommended, and the remaining 14 had noteworthy gaps in evidence and require further evaluation before use with either group.
The Empathy Quotient: A cross-cultural comparison of the Italian version
- 2011
Psychology
The Italian version of the Empathy Quotient has good validity, with an acceptable replication of the original three-factor solution, yielding three subscales with high internal and test–retest reliability.
Does Having a Sibling Affect Autistic People's Empathy?
- 2023
Psychology
Children's empathic abilities may be underestimated by their parents when they have siblings due to a contrast effect, and future research should investigate the possible effect of siblings on autistic males' empathy performance in a larger cohort of autistic individuals.
Self-reported empathy in adults with autism, early psychosis, and social anxiety disorder
- 2019
Psychology
Dissociation of Cognitive and Emotional Empathy in Adults with Asperger Syndrome Using the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET)
- 2008
Psychology
A new, photo-based measure, the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET), is used to assess empathy multidimensionally in a group of 17 individuals with Asperger syndrome and 18 well-matched controls, suggesting that while individuals with AS are impaired in cognitive empathy, they do not differ from controls in emotional empathy.
Reduced emotional empathy in adults with subclinical ADHD: evidence from the empathy and systemizing quotient
- 2017
Psychology
This study points to a relationship between traits of ADHD and the emotional aspect of empathy, whereas more complex aspects of empathy were unrelated.
Empathy and emotion recognition in people with autism, first-degree relatives, and controls
- 2013
Psychology
Do Adults with High Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome Differ in Empathy and Emotion Recognition?
- 2016
Psychology
No significant difference was observed on EQ score between groups, while adults with Asperger syndrome performed significantly better on the Eyes Test than those with HFA, suggesting that adults with high functioning autism may need more support, particularly in mentalizing and complex emotion recognition.
Empathy, Autistic Tendencies, and Systemizing Tendencies—Relationships Between Standard Self-Report Measures
- 2019
Psychology
The results from this study illustrate how standard self-report measures of empathy, autistic tendencies, and systemizing tendencies are associated with each other in a large sample not diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder.
61 References
The Friendship Questionnaire: An Investigation of Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism, and Normal Sex Differences
- 2003
Psychology
A new selfreport questionnaire, the Friendship Questionnaire (FQ), is reported, which reveals both a sex difference in the style of friendship in the general population and provides support for the extreme male brain theory of autism.
The systemizing quotient: an investigation of adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences.
- 2003
Psychology
A new self-report questionnaire, the Systemizing Quotient (SQ), which reveals both a sex difference in systemizing in the general population and an unusually strong drive to systemize in Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism.
The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ): Evidence from Asperger Syndrome/High-Functioning Autism, Malesand Females, Scientists and Mathematicians
- 2001
Psychology
The Autism-Spectrum Quotient is a valuable instrument for rapidly quantifying where any given individual is situated on the continuum from autism to normality, and its potential for screening for autism spectrum conditions in adults of normal intelligence remains to be fully explored.
Another advanced test of theory of mind: evidence from very high functioning adults with autism or asperger syndrome.
- 1997
Psychology
Very high functioning adults with autism or Asperger Syndrome are reported on an adult test of theory of mind ability, providing evidence for subtle mindreading deficits in very high functioning individuals on the autistic continuum.
Development of an empathy scale.
- 1969
Psychology
This paper discusses the development of a 64-item self-report measure of empathy, constructed by comparing the responses of groups with high- and low-rated empathy, using the combined MMPI-CPI item pool.
Autism and Asperger syndrome: Clinical and neurobiological aspects of Asperger syndrome in six family studies
- 1991
Psychology, Medicine
Since the seminal paper by Wing (1981), interest and work in the field have so grown that one senses the presence of a true diagnostic entity – at least from the clinical point of view – which for many years has haunted child and adult psychiatrists alike.
A Multidimensional Approach to Individual Differences in Empathy
- 1980
Psychology
The development of a multidimensional individual difference measure of empathy is described. The final version of the instrument consists of four seven-item subscales, each of which taps a separate…
Empathy and cognition in high-functioning children with autism.
- 1992
Psychology
While the children with autism did surprisingly well on the empathy-related measures, they performed less well than the normal children on these measures and on conservation.
Autism and Asperger's syndrome.
- 1997
Medicine, Psychology
A clearer picture of the cognitive limitations displayed by persons with conditions in the autistic spectrum is emerging, and links between "executive function," "theory of mind," and findings from functional imaging are becoming apparent.
Recognition of Faux Pas by Normally Developing Children and Children with Asperger Syndrome or High-Functioning Autism
- 1999
Psychology
A new test of theory of mind, designed for children 7–11 years old, which shows that whereas normal 9- to 11-year-old children were skilled at detecting faux pas, children with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism were impaired on this task.