Human Evolution: Y-chromosome clues to human ancestry

@article{Brookfield1995HumanEY,
  title={Human Evolution: Y-chromosome clues to human ancestry},
  author={John F. Y. Brookfield},
  journal={Current Biology},
  year={1995},
  volume={5},
  pages={1114-1115},
  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16081591}
}
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7 Citations
Background Citations
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7 Citations

Human evolution and the Y chromosome.

Analysis of 22 Y chromosomal STR haplotypes and Y haplogroup distribution in Pathans of Pakistan.

An Ultra-High Discrimination Y Chromosome Short Tandem Repeat Multiplex DNA Typing System

The development of an ultra high discrimination (UHD) multiplex DNA typing system that allows for the robust co-amplification of 14 non-core Y-STR loci is developed, which presages its potential to maximally augment currently available forensic casework markers.

A multiplex PCR system for 13 RM Y-STRs with separate amplification of two different repeat motif structures in DYF403S1a.

Y-STR: A Full Proof Technique for Male DNA Genotyping in Forensics

Y-STRs in combination with autosomal STRs will thus be employed preferentially in sexual assault cases, and Y-STR haplotyping method has been validated and standardized between labs and is now widely used in forensic applications.

DNA Y-STR Typing is an Important Tool to Solve Criminal Cases

A similar case study is presented where the crime showed signs of violence and the presence of Y-peak on Amelogenin locus in Identifier STRs in vaginal swabs of victim raised doubt of case being positive but Y-Filer STR helped in distinguishing the male contributor from the alleged accused.

Y Chromosome STR Typing: A Distinguishing Tool for Exclusion in a Casework of Sexual Assault

A similar case study is presented where the crime scene showed signs of violence and the presence of Y-peak on Amelogenin locus in Identifiler STRs in vaginal swabs of victim raised doubt of case being positive but Y-Filer STR helped in distinguishing the male contributor from the alleged accused.

8 References

Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution

All these mitochondrial DMAs stem from one woman who is postulated to have lived about 200,000 years ago, probably in Africa, implying that each area was colonised repeatedly.

Absence of polymorphism at the ZFY locus on the human Y chromosome.

DNA polymorphism in the Y chromosome, examined at a 729-base pair intron located immediately upstream of the ZFY zinc-finger exon, revealed no sequence variation in a worldwide sample of 38 human males, indicating either a recent selective sweep, recent origin for modern Homo sapiens, recurrent male population bottlenecks, or historically small effective male population sizes.

Branching pattern in the evolutionary tree for human mitochondrial DNA.

Eighty-eight types of mitochondrial DNA were found by sequencing the most variable part of the control region from 117 Caucasians, implying that the probability of survival of new lineages has undergone dramatic changes, probably due to population expansion.

Current versus historical population sizes in vertebrate species with high gene flow: a comparison based on mitochondrial DNA lineages and inbreeding theory for neutral mutations.

The observed molecular distances among mtDNA lineages were two to three orders of magnitude lower than predicted from census sizes of breeding females, suggesting that rate of mtDNA evolution is decelerated in these species and/or that long-term effective population size is vastly smaller than present-day population size.

Allelic genealogy and human evolution.

Although the population structure prior to the late Pleistocene is less clear, the nature of Mhc polymorphism suggests that the effective size of populations leading to humans was as large as 10(5), hence, the effective population size of humans might have become somewhat smaller in most of the late pleistocene.

Pairwise comparisons of mitochondrial DNA sequences in stable and exponentially growing populations.

In an exponentially growing population in which the product of the current population size and the growth rate is substantially larger than one, the analytical and simulation results show that most coalescent events occur relatively early and in a restricted range of times.

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Gene genealogies and the coalescent process.