---
id: version-2.5.0-cookbooks-deduplication
title: Message deduplication
sidebar_label: Message deduplication
original_id: cookbooks-deduplication
---

When **Message deduplication** is enabled, it ensures that each message produced on Pulsar topics is persisted to disk *only once*, even if the message is produced more than once. Message deduplication is handled automatically on the server side. 

To use message deduplication in Pulsar, you have to [configure](#configure-message-deduplication) your Pulsar brokers and [clients](#pulsar-clients).

> For more details on message deduplication, refer to [Concepts and Architecture](concepts-messaging.md#message-deduplication).

## How it works

You can enable or disable message deduplication on a per-namespace basis. By default, it is *disabled* on all namespaces. You can enable it in the following ways:

* Enable for all namespaces at the broker-level
* Enable for specific namespaces with the `pulsar-admin namespaces` interface

## Configure message deduplication

You can configure message deduplication in Pulsar using the [`broker.conf`](reference-configuration.md#broker) configuration file. The following deduplication-related parameters are available.

Parameter | Description | Default
:---------|:------------|:-------
`brokerDeduplicationEnabled` | Sets the default behavior for message deduplication in the Pulsar [broker](reference-terminology.md#broker). If it is set to `true`, message deduplication is enabled by default on all namespaces; if it is set to `false` (the default), you have to enable or disable deduplication on a per-namespace basis. | `false`
`brokerDeduplicationMaxNumberOfProducers` | The maximum number of producers for which information is stored for deduplication purposes. | `10000`
`brokerDeduplicationEntriesInterval` | The number of entries after which a deduplication informational snapshot is taken. A larger interval leads to fewer snapshots being taken, though this lengthens the topic recovery time (the time required for entries published after the snapshot to be replayed). | `1000`
`brokerDeduplicationProducerInactivityTimeoutMinutes` | The time of inactivity (in minutes) after which the broker discards deduplication information related to a disconnected producer. | `360` (6 hours)

### Set default value at the broker-level

By default, message deduplication is *disabled* on all Pulsar namespaces. To enable it by default on all namespaces, set the `brokerDeduplicationEnabled` parameter to `true` and re-start the broker.

Even if you set the value for `brokerDeduplicationEnabled`, enabling or disabling via Pulsar admin CLI will override the default settings at the broker-level.

### Enable message deduplication

Though message deduplication is disabled by default at broker-level, you can enable message deduplication for specific namespaces using the [`pulsar-admin namespace set-deduplication`](reference-pulsar-admin.md#namespace-set-deduplication) command. You can use the `--enable`/`-e` flag and specify the namespace. The following is an example with `<tenant>/<namespace>`:

```bash
$ bin/pulsar-admin namespaces set-deduplication \
  public/default \
  --enable # or just -e
```

### Disable message deduplication

Even if you enable message deduplication at broker-level, you can disable message deduplication for a specific namespace using the [`pulsar-admin namespace set-deduplication`](reference-pulsar-admin.md#namespace-set-deduplication) command. Use the `--disable`/`-d` flag and specify the namespace. The following is an example with `<tenant>/<namespace>`:

```bash
$ bin/pulsar-admin namespaces set-deduplication \
  public/default \
  --disable # or just -d
```

## Pulsar clients

If you enable message deduplication in Pulsar brokers, you need complete the following tasks for your client producers:

1. Specify a name for the producer.
1. Set the message timeout to `0` (namely, no timeout).

The instructions for Java, Python, and C++ clients are different.

<!--DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->
<!--Java clients-->

To enable message deduplication on a [Java producer](client-libraries-java.md#producers), set the producer name using the `producerName` setter, and set the timeout to `0` using the `sendTimeout` setter. 

```java
import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.Producer;
import org.apache.pulsar.client.api.PulsarClient;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

PulsarClient pulsarClient = PulsarClient.builder()
        .serviceUrl("pulsar://localhost:6650")
        .build();
Producer producer = pulsarClient.newProducer()
        .producerName("producer-1")
        .topic("persistent://public/default/topic-1")
        .sendTimeout(0, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
        .create();
```

<!--Python clients-->

To enable message deduplication on a [Python producer](client-libraries-python.md#producers), set the producer name using `producer_name`, and set the timeout to `0` using `send_timeout_millis`. 

```python
import pulsar

client = pulsar.Client("pulsar://localhost:6650")
producer = client.create_producer(
    "persistent://public/default/topic-1",
    producer_name="producer-1",
    send_timeout_millis=0)
```
<!--C++ clients-->

To enable message deduplication on a [C++ producer](client-libraries-cpp.md#producer), set the producer name using `producer_name`, and set the timeout to `0` using `send_timeout_millis`. 

```cpp
#include <pulsar/Client.h>

std::string serviceUrl = "pulsar://localhost:6650";
std::string topic = "persistent://some-tenant/ns1/topic-1";
std::string producerName = "producer-1";

Client client(serviceUrl);

ProducerConfiguration producerConfig;
producerConfig.setSendTimeout(0);
producerConfig.setProducerName(producerName);

Producer producer;

Result result = client.createProducer(topic, producerConfig, producer);
```
<!--END_DOCUSAURUS_CODE_TABS-->